Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Pheromones are on of the best ways to manage insect infestation on crops. In this article, we will discuss how that works. Within a few cm of the odor source, where a relatively steep concentration gradient might persist, an insect may use chemoklinotaxis or chemotropotaxis in determining the direction of the origin of the chemical. In employing chemoklinotaxis, the insect swings its antennae from side to side and makes successive comparisons of the chemical concentration on each side of its body (Shorey 1973). In using chemotropotaxis, the individual simultaneously compares the pheromone concentration on each side of its body with...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
To erradicate insects, one must understand the proper abatement program with pheromones. This article will discuss how to best accomplish that. Unfortunately, few experiments have been conducted to determine whether high air velocities prevent approach responses because of physical impediments as outlined above, or whether in some cases the responding insect is inhibited from even initiating an orientation reaction when it senses the improper velocity. A behavioral effect of air velocity on the responding sex has been documented in two cases: 1) honey bee drones, Apis mellifera L., mate with queens while in ight. The altitude at which drones tend...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Kamal Kumar Shukla
New York has always been a very happening city of the world. The city has wonderful natural beauty. Located in the heart of Hudson River the city has always attracted huge tourists over the year. The ... New York has always been a very happening city of the world. The city has wonderful natural beauty. Located in the heart of Hudson River the city has always attracted huge tourists over the year. The city is known as a magical city for its natural beauty. Landscapes of the city The geographical feature of the city is quite unique. It consists of...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Let us discuss the top pheromones in the animal kingdom. However the pheromone scent trail alone of other species appears to be insufficient to elicit trail-following behaviour of recruits who need to... Let us discuss the top pheromones in the animal kingdom. However the pheromone scent trail alone of other species appears to be insufficient to elicit trail-following behaviour of recruits who need to be guided by the scout bee to the food on their initial trip, although thereafter they are able to follow the trail on their own (Cruz-Landim and Rodriquez, 1967). The trail pheromone is secreted by the...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: george hopson
A lawnmower is one of those matters that everyone has, and but it is nevertheless virtually hard to pick the proper one. There are hundreds - thousands even - of various lawnmowers available to pick from, and it is tough to recognise which to get except you have a few primary grounding in what you are looking for. The first decision you have to make is whether you want a petroleum mower, an electric mower or a mower that is powered only by means of you pushing it. While push mowers are likely the cheapest and maximum environmentally pleasant (now...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
The use of a label, such as aphrodisiac, can nevertheless be criticized as can the labels attached to many pheromones, since it derives from the final result of the behavior and thus assumes that the ... The use of a label, such as aphrodisiac, can nevertheless be criticized as can the labels attached to many pheromones, since it derives from the final result of the behavior and thus assumes that the behavior was aimed toward that goal (Kennedy 1972). Part of the problem is clearly the heavy anthropomorphic overtones carried by the word (Comfort ch. 20) and in the assumption...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Free and Williams (1983) provided evidence for the existence of both attractive and deterrent top pheromones. They used ‘articial owers’, each consisting of a small conical ask with a p... Free and Williams (1983) provided evidence for the existence of both attractive and deterrent top pheromones. They used ‘articial owers’, each consisting of a small conical ask with a plastic platform resting on top of it on which the bees could land. A glass capillary tube 50 mm long extended from a hole through the centre of the plate into the ask. A continuous supply of forage could be provided...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
The presence of a brood incubation pheromone has recently been demonstrated (Heinrich, 1973). This does not appear to originate from the brood but is deposited on it. The immature stages of a bumblebe... The presence of a brood incubation pheromone has recently been demonstrated (Heinrich, 1973). This does not appear to originate from the brood but is deposited on it. The immature stages of a bumblebee colony are incubated by the adult bees for long periods each day which help maintain them at a relatively high temperature. This incubatory behaviour appears to be re- leased by an odour the queen...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Let’s talk about top pheromones in nature. It may be an adaptation of natural behaviour in which a queen is guided back to her colony after a mating ight. Pheromones Behavior Nasonov exposure... Let’s talk about top pheromones in nature. It may be an adaptation of natural behaviour in which a queen is guided back to her colony after a mating ight. Pheromones Behavior Nasonov exposure also occurs in various pheromone circumstances connected with reorientation; for example when small groups of workers are conned to cages with or without a queen they periodically scent and fan in unison. The precise...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Pheromone can have an impactful role on insects. In this article, we discuss how pheromones influence insect behavior. The effect of pheromones on anemotaxis has been examined in several species of insects. Field observations often indicate that the number of individuals arriving at pheromone source decreases as the wind velocity decreases below some threshold value. In the scarabaeid beetle, Rhopaea magnicomis (Blackburn), males exposed to sex pheromone ew at random when winds of less than 135 cm/sec were present, but with an increase in wind velocity to 225 cm/sec, males were observed ying toward the source (Soo H00 and Roberts...